"Hematite compass" ntawm kev paub tsis meej Olmec kev vam meej - tus taw qhia tsis pom uas coj mus rau Atlantis

"Hematite compass" ntawm kev paub tsis meej Olmec kev vam meej - tus taw qhia tsis pom uas coj mus rau Atlantis
"Hematite compass" ntawm kev paub tsis meej Olmec kev vam meej - tus taw qhia tsis pom uas coj mus rau Atlantis
Anonim

Olmecs yog kev vam meej kev vam meej yav dhau los uas muaj yav dhau los ntawm lub tebchaws faj tim teb chaws Maya thiab Aztecs. Lawv qhov kev paub txog geology tau tso cai rau kev coj noj coj ua qub thaum ub tsis paub meej txog thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Plateau San Lorenzo yog ib qho piv txwv zoo li no. Nws suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov phiaj xwm vaj tsev thaum ub.

Tag nrho cheeb tsam tau "hloov kho" mus rau qhov nyiam ntawm Olmecs thaum ub. Txoj haujlwm no koom nrog kev tshem tawm ib tuj ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab pob zeb, uas tau tso cai rau kev tsim cov av loj loj, cov phab ntsa thiab cov khoom pov tseg, hloov pauv lawv ib puag ncig mus rau hauv qhov chaw dawb huv rau lawv cov neeg nyob.

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Cov lus nug tseem nyob, tus txiv neej thaum ub ua tiav qhov no … ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los?

Olmecs yog cov neeg nyob hauv Central America nyob rau tiam 16th-2nd centuries BC. Feem ntau yuav yog, kev vam meej Olmec tau pib nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Mexico niaj hnub no (lub xeev Veracruz thiab Tabasco). Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tuaj yeem nyob hauv El Salvador thiab Guatemala.

Lub npe "Olmecs" tau txhais ua "neeg roj hmab". Qhov kev xaiv no tau muab los ntawm Aztecs hauv thaj av ib puag ncig ntawm Olmecs, qhov uas muaj ntau cov roj hmab cog. Thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem Olmec hu ua Tamoanchan, uas txhais tau tias "peb tab tom nrhiav rau peb lub tsev." Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Olmecs yog kev ua liaj ua teb, tshwj xeeb yog kev cog qoob loo thiab pobkws, thiab nuv ntses.

Olmecs ntseeg tias tau tsim thawj txoj kev vam meej hauv pre-Columbian America, uas tau ua rau txhua lwm yam kev coj noj coj ua. Vim li no, hauv Latin America, Olmec kab lis kev cai hu ua "niam". Olmecs tau tsim thawj qhov kev sau ntawv hieroglyphic system, zoo ib yam li Maya, kawm paub yuav suav sijhawm li cas thiab ib xyoos ib zaug. Cov neeg no pib tsim lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv Mexico. Lub peev ntawm Olmec lub xeev yog lub nroog San Lorenzo, ua 3, 4 txhiab xyoo dhau los. Tam sim no nws lub tsev puas tsuaj nyob hauv xeev Mev xeev Veracruz. Lub chaw ntseeg ntawm Olmecs yog lub nroog La Venta. Txiav txim los ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, cov duab puab thiab cov duab, totemism tau nthuav dav ntawm cov neeg no, thiab jaguar tau suav tias yog tsiaj txhu tseem ceeb.

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Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Olmec kab lis kev cai yog kev tsim cov taub hau loj heev ua los ntawm basalt, nrog qhov siab nruab nrab ntawm 2.5 m, ib puag ncig ntawm 7 m thiab qhov hnyav txog li 30 tons. nrog rau tus kheej lub ntsej muag ntawm hom Negroid. Vim li no, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias Olmecs tej zaum yuav los ntawm teb chaws Africa. Lub taub hau pob zeb yog "hnav" hauv lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub pluaj pluaj.

Tsis tas li, cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm xav paub qhov khoom ua si hauv daim duab ntawm tus dev ntawm lub log pom ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Olmec kev sib hais, txij li kev xav tau tsim nyob hauv ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb uas cov neeg hauv Central America tsis paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua lub log.

Nws tau muab tawm tias lawv paub lub log thiab, ntxiv mus, lawv yog thawj tus neeg tsim lub compass, thiab tsis yog Suav, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb nyiam qhia.

"Txiv neej rog" yog cov duab puab tsim los ntawm Olmecs. Lawv txawv heev los ntawm cov duab puab uas peb ib txwm koom nrog cov nroog puag thaum ub ntawm thaj chaw ntawd. Lawv yog cov pob zeb uas muaj pob zeb ntawm cov neeg rog heev nrog lub pob loj nyob hauv qab thiab lub pob me me, tiaj tus saum toj. Ob txhais tes tau ncab hla lub plab dav.

Kev kwv yees kwv yees ntawm lawv lub hnub nyoog yog txij li 1500 BC. ua ntej 500 BC

Qhov txaus siab, ntau ntawm cov duab puab tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv qhov chaw qub thiab faus. Ntau ntawm cov duab puab ntawm "txiv neej rog" tau pom faus hauv av (thaum ua haujlwm khawb av).

Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv qhia pom tias thaum xub thawj cov duab "txiv neej rog" tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb thiab tseem ceeb, txij li lawv tau dhau los ua cov hlau nplaum.

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Lub pob zeb uas lawv tau tsim los yog cov hlau nplaum ntuj, thiab zoo ib yam li cov hlau nplaum, nws muaj peev xwm nyiam lossis tshem tawm lwm yam hlau uas muaj hlau, nrog rau ib ntus magnetizing lwm yam khoom uas muaj hlau.

Sib nqus "txiv neej rog" tau muab txua los ntawm cov hlau nplaum, ib hom hlau hlau. Tab sis tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov pob zeb magnetite yog cov hlau nplaum. Geologists tsis nkag siab zoo li cas qee cov pob zeb tau sib nqus, tab sis feem ntau txoj kev xav yog tias nws raug hluav taws xob. Tej zaum xob laim yog txaus los sib npaug txhua tus nqi ion hauv pob zeb.

Xyoo 1976, Vincent Malmström thiab nws tus pab Paul Dunn tau tshawb pom tias thaum lub koob ntsuas ntsuas tau nce mus rau ib tus txiv neej rog hauv Monte Alto, rab koob tau ua haujlwm. Nws tawm ntawm True North thiab taw tes rau pob zeb. Thaum lawv tshawb xyuas ntawm qhov chaw "cov txiv neej rog" thiab lub taub hau loj ntawm lwm cov duab puab, lawv pom tias lub koob txhaj koob tau rub nrawm thaum lawv nqa tus pas ntsuas mus rau ntaws ntawm qee tus mlom thiab mus rau lub tuam tsev raug cai ntawm lwm tus. Pob zeb lub zog sib nqus muaj zog dua li lub ntiaj teb daim teb sib nqus.

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Nws tau pom tias plaub tawm ntawm tsib "txiv neej rog" hauv La Kev ywj pheej, Guatemala, muaj cov cuab yeej sib nqus no, ntxiv rau plaub tawm ntawm rau rau lub taub hau loj. Txawm hais tias nws tshawb nrhiav, Malmström pom tsis muaj qhov qhia tau tias cov khoom tau ntxig rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov duab puab nws tau sim, yog li nws xaus lus tias cov kws paub dhau los paub txog cov hlau nplaum, tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov hlau nplaum, tuaj yeem tuav lawv, thiab paub tseeb. hauv pob zeb, yog li lawv tau muab cov duab puab coj los ua kom zoo dua ntawm qhov chaw no.

Nws pom lwm yam duab puab sib nqus hauv cheeb tsam Sokonusco, suav nrog tus vaub kib / taub hau taub hau, jaguar uas tau tsa, thiab ob tug txiv neej zaum ntawm lub rooj ntev zaum. Malmström ntseeg cov duab puab yog ua ntej Olmec hauv keeb kwm, yos rov qab rau xyoo 2000 BC.

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Qhov pom tau zoo los ntawm Michael Coe xyoo 1968 hauv Olmec ib puag ncig ntawm San Lorenzo, ze dua rau Gulf of Mexico, nyob ib sab ntawm isthmus, yog ib qho me me txhuam cov kab txaij ntawm hematite nrog cov duab zoo. npe M-160.

Nws tau tawg hauv qhov qub thiab tawg dua hauv txoj kev kawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws qhov kev tsim, thiab raws li nws tau ntab hauv dej ntawm ib pob ntawm cov hmoov av los yog kua tshuaj mercury, nws tau ua raws ib txwm nyob ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus, sab hnub poob ntawm sab qaum teb sib nqus, hauv tib qho kev qhia ib yam li cov tsev hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb. ntawm Olmecs hauv San Lorenzo, La Venta thiab lwm yam. …

Cov khoom siv hematite no taw tes rau Olmec kev nkag siab ntawm cov hlau nplaum ua qhov taw qhia thiab kwv yees qhov Greek tshawb pom ntawm cov hlau nplaum (AD 600) los ntawm kab tias ib txhiab xyoo. Lwm pab pawg thov thawj qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov hlau nplaum ua lub zog coj los suav nrog Vikings, Arabs, Persians, thiab Suav. Yog tias koj nyeem cov peev txheej sib txawv, koj yuav pom cov hnub sib txawv thiab cov nyiaj sib txawv, thiab lawv txhua tus thov ua thawj zaug. Tab sis qhov tseeb qhia tias thawj zaug yog Olmecs lossis kev coj noj coj ua ua ntej lawv, leej twg tso lawv txoj kev paub rau lawv.

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Astronomer John Carlson qhia tias Olmecs siv cov khoom cuav no los ua cov khoom siv coj los qhia rau lub homphiaj astrological lossis geomantic. Cov khoom cuav yog ib qho ntawm cov pob zeb sib nqus polished uas muaj qhov zawj ntawm ib kawg (tejzaum nws pom tau). Cov khoom cuav tam sim no taw tes rau 35.5 degrees sab hnub poob ntawm sab qaum teb, tab sis tej zaum yuav tau taw tes rau sab qaum teb-sab qab teb feem ntau.

Cov cuab yeej yog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm University of Michigan. Qhov no hloov pauv ntau hauv keeb kwm, vim tias nws yuav txhais tau tias Olmecs puag thaum ub yog tus tsim khoom ntawm lub koob, thiab tsis yog Suav, zoo li tau xav yav tas los. Nws ntseeg tias cov cuab yeej no tau siv los ua kom lawv lub tsev tig mus rau sab qaum teb.

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Lwm cov lus nug tseem tshuav - cov pej thuam no taw tes rau qhov twg thaum lawv nyob hauv lawv qhov qub? Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog tus uas muaj "hematite compass" nrog nws thiab paub tias nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau lub ntaws lossis lub tuam tsev sab xis, tuaj yeem paub qhov tseeb tias yuav mus rau qhov tom ntej "tus txiv neej rog", leej twg yuav qhia lub ntsiab lus tom ntej ntawm txoj kev zais.

Qhov twg tsis pom qhov no, cov poov xab sib nqus qhia? Muaj cov lus pom tias Olmec kev vam meej yog qhov seem ntawm cov neeg ntawm Atlantis. Nws hloov tawm tias cov duab puab sib nqus -taw qhia, feem ntau yuav, pom cov uas tau xaiv txoj hauv kev mus rau lawv lub tebchaws uas muaj dej nyab - Atlantis.

Feem ntau yuav, nws yog vim li no uas nyob rau qee kis, cov thawj coj zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov pov thawj ntawm Olmecs txiav txim siab rhuav tshem cov cim no thiab tshem lawv los ntawm lawv qhov chaw qub ntawm kev teeb tsa, thiab ntxiv rau, lawv tau faus lawv rau hauv av.

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Qhov tseeb tias lawv tsis tau rhuav tshem lawv, tab sis yooj yim txav thiab nkaum lawv, qhia tias qee qhov muaj "daim duab qhia chaw" ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov taw qhia sib nqus, thiab yog tias koj muaj cov pej thuam tsim nyog uas ib tus neeg tuaj yeem tso rau hauv qhov chaw raug, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav txoj hauv kev mus rau Atlantis.

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