Cov kws tshawb fawb: hauv 50 xyoo qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Siberia tau nce li plaub degrees

Cov kws tshawb fawb: hauv 50 xyoo qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Siberia tau nce li plaub degrees
Cov kws tshawb fawb: hauv 50 xyoo qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Siberia tau nce li plaub degrees
Anonim

Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm SecNet thoob ntiaj teb network, tsim nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm TSU los kawm txog kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig, nco ntsoov tias qhov kev hloov pauv loj tshaj plaws hauv huab cua thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv ib puag ncig ib nrab xyoo dhau los tau tshwm sim hauv Eurasian Arctic thiab Siberia. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov txheej txheem sai rau kev hloov pauv kom sov, txwv tsis pub tib neeg yuav ntsib teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv hauv zej zog, suav nrog kev tshaib kev nqhis.

Tus sau ntawm tsab xov xwm yog 16 tus kws tshawb fawb los ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws Russia, Norway, Great Britain, Finland thiab lwm lub tebchaws suav nrog hauv SecNet network. Hauv kev sib koom ua haujlwm, lawv nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig tau sau thaum tshawb fawb ntawm ntau lub chaw haujlwm kaum ob nyob hauv Siberia thiab Arctic, suav nrog ntawm cov hauv paus uas nyob deb tshaj plaws xws li Willem Barents chaw nres tsheb.

"Hauv Siberia thiab Subarctic, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig, xws li kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, kev tsim khoom lag luam thiab kev tsim kho hauv nroog, tau ntxiv rau kev hloov pauv huab cua hauv ib puag ncig ntuj - ua kom sov ntawm huab cua, yaj ntawm cov dej khov, txo cov dej khov," sau ib ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. ntawm tsab xov xwm, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb ntawm SecNet network. Xib fwb ntawm University of Sheffield thiab TSU Terry Callaghan. "Txhua qhov no suav nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov xwm txheej hnyav uas yav tas los tsis txawv rau Siberia thiab Arctic: tundra hluav taws, uas yav dhau los tsis tshua muaj, tau dhau los ntau zaus, cua daj cua dub tau pib sau tseg hauv Siberia, thiab muaj ntau ntxiv lub sijhawm qhuav thiab ntub."

Raws li tus sau ntawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom, lub voj voog sab qaum teb (nyob dhau ntawm Arctic Circle) tau dhau los ua qhov kub tshaj plaws. Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kub ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb "Dixon Island" qhia tias dhau 50 xyoo dhau los (1968-2017) tau nce qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo los ntawm yuav luag 4 ° C. Kev hloov pauv huab cua ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig, uas cuam tshuam loj heev rau lub neej ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm thiab hloov kho rau lawv txoj kev ua neej ib txwm muaj.

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Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm haiv neeg tsawg hauv tebchaws Qaum Teb / © duab muab los ntawm tsoomfwv Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug / Xovxwm pabcuam ntawm TSU

Piv txwv li, cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj reindeer nco txog kev tsim cov npog npog lig, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov zaub mov noj (khov ntawm cov tsiaj reindeer lichen). Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qis (-40 ° C) mus rau siab dua (-10-15 ° C), uas yog nrog cua daj cua dub hnyav. Raws li cov tsiaj txhu reindeer, hauv huab cua zoo li no, reindeer feem ntau poob thiab yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav ntev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias cov neeg hauv paus txawm tau yoog raws qhov xwm txheej ntuj thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, lawv raug yuam kom hloov pauv mus rau ib puag ncig tshiab cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom sov, thiab kom deb li deb qhov no nyuaj heev.

Olga Shaduyko hais tias, "Cov neeg hauv nroog thiab hauv paus txawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj kev paub txog keeb kwm thiab tau txais kev paub txog ib puag ncig thiab ib puag ncig," SecNet network. - Qhov kev paub thiab kev soj ntsuam no tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm kev tshawb fawb tshiab thiab tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhais lawv cov txiaj ntsig.

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SecNet Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm, xibfwb ntawm University of Sheffield thiab TSU Terry Callaghan / © TSU Xovxwm Pabcuam

Yog li, ntau xyoo dhau los peb tau caw cov neeg hauv paus txawm ntawm Siberia thiab Arctic los tham. Nenets, Khanty, thiab Zyryans koom nrog hauv SecNet cov rooj sib tham tsis tu ncua. Cov pej xeem hauv cheeb tsam xav paub txog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw uas lawv nyob. Tib neeg xav tau kev kwv yees hais txog kev hloov pauv ntxiv ntawm huab cua thiab xwm txheej, vim tias lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyob zoo nyob ntawm qhov no."

Cov neeg hauv paus txawm lawv tus kheej muab kev koom tes rau cov kws tshawb fawb. Piv txwv li, xyoo 2019, Norwegian Sami nkag mus rau SecNet network, uas tau ntsib teeb meem tib yam li cov neeg nyob hauv thaj tsam Arctic ntawm Russia. Lawv tau npaj los muab txhua qhov kev pab tau, piv txwv li, khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thaj chaw kawm, vim tias cov kws tshawb fawb nyob ntawd qee zaum, thiab cov neeg nyob hauv ib puag ncig tas li.

Cov kws sau tsab xov xwm tau ua tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kawm txog huab cua, ecology, biodiversity, swamps thiab lwm thaj chaw. Ntawm lawv yog TSU thiab Shaffield University tus xibfwb Terry Callaghan (xyoo 2007 nws tau txais khoom plig Nobel raws li ib feem ntawm UN International Panel of Experts on Climate Change); Lund University tus kws tshawb fawb Margaret Johansson - tus thawj coj ntawm lub network European project rau txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntuj thiab huab cua hloov pauv hauv Arctic - INTERACT; Sergey Kirpotin, tus thawj coj ntawm Center of Excellence ntawm TSU BioKlimLand, yog tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias nkaus xwb uas koom nrog xaiv cov ntawv thov rau kev tshawb fawb hauv INTERACT project, thiab lwm tus kws tshawb fawb.

Hauv kab lus hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Ambio, tshwj xeeb tau muab tso rau qhov xav tau kev tshawb fawb ua ke, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem rau tib neeg kev hloov pauv mus rau lub ntiaj teb sov thiab muaj sia nyob hauv cov xwm txheej tshiab. Txwv tsis pub, tib neeg yuav ntsib teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv hauv zej zog - thiab kev tshaib plab yuav dhau los ua ib qho ntawm thawj qhov.

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg, thaum tsis muaj kev hloov kho lub tswv yim, qhov tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam rau cov neeg nyob hauv thaj tsam uas muaj kev vam meej uas tsis tau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws, dej nyab thiab lwm yam tshwm sim ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntuj, vim tias cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw loj yuav mus rau cov chaw no.

Raws li tus kws sau ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm, kev kawm txog Arctic, qhov kev hloov pauv loj tshaj plaws tau sau tseg, thiab Siberia, vim tias lub tebchaws loj no muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev tsim huab cua ntawm tag nrho ntiaj chaw, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho leveling mechanisms.

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